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Culture

Our Everyday Greek: This December we Speak in Greek about Nameday Celebrations

December 3, 2017
Dimitra Pontoporou

DIALOGUE

Greek phrase            Pronunciation          Meaning

Π: ΤοΔεκέμβριοέχουμε        TO deKEmvrio Ehoome On December we have

πολλέςγιορτές.          poLES yiorTES.        many namedays.

Μ: Πράγματι. PRAymati.     Really.

Π: Στις 6 Δεκεμβρίου           STEES Exi dekemvREEoo            On December 6

είναιηγιορτήEEneEEyiorTEE         is St. Nikolaos celebration.

τουΑγίουΝικολάου.  TOOaYEEoonikoLAoo.

Μ: Γιορτάζουν yiorTAzoon

ο Νίκος και η Νίκη.ONEEkosKEEENEEKi.NikosandNikicelebrate.

Π: Στις 12 Δεκεμβρίου;        STEESDOdekadekemvREEoo?   OnDecember 12?

Μ: ΓιορτάζειοΣπύρος.          yiorTAziOSPEEros.Spyros celebrates.

Π: Στις 25 Δεκεμβρίου         STEES EEkosi PEnte dekemvREEoo     On December 25

γιορτάζουνοΧρήστος           yiorTAzoonOHREEstosChristos and Christina

καιηΧριστίνα.            KEEEhriSTEEna.    celebrate.

M: ΗΕυγενίαγιορτάζει          EEevgeNEEayiorTAziEugeniacelebrates

στις 24 Δεκεμβρίου. STEESEEkosiTEserisdekemvREEoo      on December 24.

Π: ΗΕλευθερίαγιορτάζει      EEeleftheREEayiorTAzi     Eleftheria celebrates

στις15Δεκεμβρίου.   STEES dekaPEnte dekemvREEoo.         On December 15.

M:ΟΣτέφανοςστις     O STEfanos STEES            Stefanos on

27 Δεκεμβρίου.         EEkosi ePTA dekemvREEoo.       December 27.

Π: ΗΒαρβάραπότεγιορτάζει;           EE varVAra POte     When does Barbara

γιορτάζει; yiorTAzi?  celebrate?

Μ: Στις 4 Δεκεμβρίου.          STEES TEseris dekemVREEoo.   On December 4.

BASICVOCABULARY

Greek word    Pronunciation          Meaning

ΟΔεκέμβριος OdeKEmvrios           December

Εγώγιορτάζω            eYOyiorTAzo            I celebrate

Γιορτάζει        yiorTAzi          he/she/it celebrates

Γιορτάζουν    yiorTAzoon    they celebrate

ΟΆγιος           O Ayios          Saint

ΤουΑγίου       TOO aYEEoo            Saint’s

Στις     STEES           on, at

Δύο     DEEo 2

Τρία    TREEa           3

Τέσσερις        TEseris           4

Πέντε  PEnte 5

Έξι      Exi      6

Επτά   ePTA  7

Οκτώ  oktO    8

Εννέα eNEa  9

Δέκα   DEka 10

Έντεκα           Enteka           11

Δώδεκα          DOdeka         12

Δεκαπέντε      dekaPEnte    15

Είκοσι EEkosi           20

Είκοσιτέσσερις         EEkosiTEseris          24

Είκοσιπέντε   EEkosiPEnte            25

Είκοσιέξι        EEkosiExi      26

Είκοσιεπτά    EEkosiePTA             27

Πότε    Pote    when

Πράγματι        PRAymati      really

Unlike English in Greek we first give the number of the date and then the month: 06.12 is December 6th, 15.12 is December 15th, 25.12 is December 25th. Wewrite: έξιΔεκεμβρίου, δεκαπέντεΔεκεμβρίου, είκοσιπέντεΔεκεμβρίου.

Greek nouns have cases that indicate the relationship of the noun to the other words of the sentence. The genitive case among other uses indicates the time when an event occurred, occurs or will occur. Βy changing the ending of the word, the case changes.

The genitive case of the months is formed by removing the ending -ος of each month to get the stem, Δεκέμβρι-, and adding the ending -ου, Δεκεμβρί-ου. The genitive case article for masculine gender nouns is του. Allmonthsareofmasculinegrammaticalgender. Ο Ιανουάρι-ος / του Ιανουαρί-ου, ο Φεβρουάρι-ος / του Φεβρουαρί-ου, ο Δεκέμβρι-ος / του Δεκεμβρί-ου. Note that the accent of the months in genitive case always goes on the ί before the ending.

Example: Πότε γιορτάζει ο Νίκος;οΝίκοςγιορτάζει στις πέντε Δεκεμβρίου.

Like in English it is not difficult to learn the numbers from 10-19, because their first compound is number 10= δέκα and the corresponding number follows: 15= δεκαπέντε, 14=δεκατέσσερα.Numbers 11 and 12 also have δέκα as a compound: Ένα+δέκα= ένδεκα, έντεκα, δύο+δέκα=δώδεκα. The numbers from 20-30 are also formed like in English by adding the corresponding number next to the word twenty= είκοσι.

EXERCISES

1.Write the numbers in Greek:

4:

5:

15:

25:

6:

26:

7:

17:

  1. Πότε γιορτάζουν;
  2. Η Νίκη; Γιορτάζει στις ………..
  3. ΟΧρήστος; ………
  4. ΟΣτέφανος; ……..
  5. ΗΒαρβάρα; ………
  6. ΗΕλευθερία; ……..
  7. ΗΧριστίνα; ……….
  8. Η Ευγενία; ………..
  9. Ο Σπύρος; ………..

PRONUNCIATION KEY

i (ill), ee (beer), e (ever), o (organ), oo (boot), y (yes), h (helium), th (theory), d (the). The capitalized syllables are accented.

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