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Culture

Our Everyday Greek: Greek you Already Know: Eros, Agape and Philo-

February 26, 2019
Dimitra Pontoporou

In Greek we have two different words for the state of love: αγαπάω and είμαι ερωτευμένος /-η. The first means I love and the second I am in love. Ερωτευμένος comes from έρως / έρωτας, Eros, a Greek word used in English as well.

ENGLISH WORDS FROM ΕΡΩΣ

English word    Greek word      Pronunciation

Erotic        ερωτικός  erotiKOS

Erotica      ερωτικά    erotiKA

Eroticism  ερωτισμός        erotiZMOS

Erotomania       ερωτομανία      erotomaNEEA

Erotism     ερωτισμός        erotiZMOS

 

I’M IN LOVE

From the noun Εros comes the word ερωτευμένος, a person in love.

VOCABULARY

Greek word      Pronunciation  Meaning

Είμαι ερωτευμένος.  EEme erotevMEnos.         I am in love. (male)

Είμαι ερωτευμένη.    EEme erotevMEni.   I am in love. (female)

Κάνω έρωτα     Kano Erota       I make love

Κάνω σεξ Kano SEX        I make sex

Με    ME   with

Με ποιον  ME piON  with whom

Τον  TON          the (acc. masculine)

Την  TEEN       the (acc. feminine)

 

Ερωτευμένος is the male person who is in love and ερωτευμένη is the female person who is in love. With is με, and it always goes with the accusative case of the person. Τhe articles τον and την refer to the accusative case of the person’s name. Τον is for men and την for women. Note that the masculine names in the accusative case omit the final -ς. Therefore, we don’t say τον Κώστας, τον Γιώργος, τον Πέτρος, but τον Κώστα, τον Γιώργο, τον Πέτρο.

EXAMPLES

Είμαι ερωτευμένη με τον Πέτρο. I am in love with Petros.

Ο Κώστας είναι ερωτευμένος με τη Μαρία. Kostas is in love with Maria.

Ο Πέτρος είναι ερωτευμένος με εμένα. Petros is in love with me.

 

EXERCISE

Answer the below questions like in the given example.

Με ποιον είναι ερωτευμένη η Μαρία; (Νίκος)

Η Μαρία είναι ερωτευμένη με τον Νίκο.

 

Με ποιον είσαι ερωτευμένη; (Γιώργο)

Είμαι ερωτευμένη με τον Γιώργο.

 

  1. Με ποιον είναι ερωτευμένη η Ελένη; (Κώστα)
  2. Με ποιον είναι ερωτευμένος ο Κώστας; (Ελένη)
  3. Με ποιον είσαι ερωτευμένη; (…)

 

ΣΕ ΑΓΑΠΑΩ means I LOVE YOU

This is how the verbs αγαπάω, I love, and φιλάω, I kiss, are conjugated. Note that the endings are the same in both verbs.

Greek verb       Pronunciation  Meaning

Εγώ αγαπ-άω           eYO ayaPAo    I love

Εσύ αγαπ-άς    eSEE ayaPAS you love

Η Μαρία αγαπ-άει    EE maREEa ayaPAi         Maria loves

Εμείς αγαπ-άμε         eMEES ayaPAme    we love

Εσείς αγαπ-άτε         eSEES ayaPAte       you love

Τα παιδιά αγαπ-άνε          ta pediA ayaPAne    they love

 

This is how the verb φιλάω, I kiss, is conjugated.

Greek verb       Pronunciation  Meaning

Εγώ φιλά-ω      eYO fiLAo         I kiss

Εσύ φιλ-άς        eSEE fiLAS      you kiss (sing.)

Η Μαρία φιλά-ει        EE maREEa fiLAi     Maria kisses

Εμείς φιλ-άμε   eMEES fiLAme         we kiss

Εσείς φιλ-άτε    eSEES fiLAte   you kiss (plur.)

Τα παιδιά φιλ-άνε     TA pediA fiLAne       the kids kiss

 

EXERCISE

1.Use the correct form of the verb in the sentences below.

  1. H Μαρία ………. (αγαπάω) τον Πέτρο.
  2. Η Μαρία ………. (φιλάω) τον Πέτρο.
  3. Τα παιδιά ………. (αγαπάω) τη γιαγιά.
  4. Τα παιδιά ……….. (φιλάω) τη γιαγιά.
  5. Εσύ ……. (αγαπάω) τον Κώστα;
  6. Εμείς ……. (αγαπάω) τον παππού.

 

ENGLISH WORDS FROΜ PHILO-

Φιλώ (phiLO) is an ancient Greek verb, which means I love. Nevertheless, in modern Greek we don’t use the verb φιλώ (philo) in its original meaning, I love. In modern Greek φιλώ means I kiss. The verb φιλώ is to be found in many English words that begin with philo-.

EXERCISE

Can you translate in Greek the second compound of the words below?

Phil+anthropist

Phil+hellene

Philo+logy

Phil+harmonic

Philo+sophy

 

PRONUNCIATION KEY

i (idiom), ee (needle), e (energy), o (organism), oo (boot), y (yes), h (helium), th (theory), d (the). The capitalized syllables are accented.

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